TETRODE'S & PENTODE'S FREE ENERGY ANALYSIS

Consider the  above tetrode vacuum radio tube. A tetrode consists of a thermionic cathode, a controlling the passage of electrons grid and a farther accelerating towards the anode positive screen. This screen is positive to accelerate the electrons towards it which pass this screen being decelerated back wards. The accelerating field before the screen and the retarding the electrons after passing the electrons is symmetrical on both sides. So that one may think the work given on the electrons on the left of this screen is equal to the work taken back from the electrons when they are on the right to jt, provided the travelling distance on the left is equal to the travelling distance on the right. However these distances are made unequal, the distance from the cathode freeing these electrons is made much bigger than the decelerating distance on the right from the screen to the anode. Therefore, the definite integrals of work or energy given and taken on the left and on the right of the screen is:  (we use instead of the symbole of integration the letters Int(..), over the interval of integration, because, very few viewer's or visitor's computers are equipped with mathematical symbols such that of integration)

Int(Fds), over the left distance > Int(Fds), over the right distance ARE UNEQUAL,. because the path of integrations are respectively unequal for the same function of force on the left and on the right of the screen.

Thus, this screen is offering free work equal to the difference of right integral from the left integral:

                     GAINED ENERGY because the screen = Int(Fds), over the left distance - Int(Fds), over the right distance.
                     GAINED ENERGY because of the screen = Int(Fds), over d₁ -  Int(Fds), over d₂.
Note those electrons that have passed the screen, do not cause any corresponding electrical consumption to this screen, they are free trespassers, gaining and giving energy according to the above equation.

 NOTICE: Of course there is a current that goes through the positive screen that consumes energy proportional to the positive potential of the screen. But this current captured by the screen is only about 10% of the total current going through the screen. Therefore, 90% of this current is a free rider, causing no energy consumption to the screen. The same thing applies for the screen of the pentode The suppression screen of the pentode takes practically no current. So there is no practically energy consumption by the suppression screen.

So for a tetrode and a pendode 90% of the current from the cathode and all the current received in the anode regains the said energy due to the screen and for the pendode regains also energy due to the screen called the suppression screen.

                                                                                                                                                   click to enlarge

Similar findings, we have for a pentode tube. A pentode tube has an extra negative screen between the positive screen of the tetrode and its anode near the positive screen of the tetrode. As soon as the electrons pass the positive screen and are drawn back to the second screen which they pass in a short distance. As soon they pass the second negative screen, they are repelled now towards the anode. Thus the travel distance that the electrons are drawn back becomes even shorter that is the distance between the first screen and the second screen which is made as short as possible Thus the gained energy in a pentode is:
GAINED ENERGY = Int(Fds), over the left distance - Int(Fds), over the small right distance between the first screen and the second screen + Int(Fds), over the distance of the second screen to the anode.

GAINED ENERGY = Int(Fds), over d₁ - Int(Fds), over d₅ + Int(Fds), over d₄.
  

Thus, the gained energy of a pentode is much bigger than the gained energy of a tetrode.
This extra energy seems to come from nowhere. It seems to be an inherent property of energy (as well of matter) to multiply by itself. It seems to be a property of the Creator himself.
Η ΑΕΙ ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ = Ο ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
              670                =             670
Λεξαριθμηκή ισότης ΚΟΣΜΑ ΜΑΡΚΑΤΟΥ                              

 It is a major property of the Universe which can be accomplished in the lab with common materials that can be found in any market.

Typical PENTODES that can be found in the market are the 6V6, 6L6 ETC.

Professor
PTP